The Siman — Choulhan Aroukh, Orach Chaim siman קפ״ד (ו סעיפים)
מי שאוכל במקום אחד צריך לברך קודם שיעקר ממקומו ; ואם יצא ולא בירך — במזיד יחזור למקומו ויברך, ובשוגג להרמב״ם יברך במקום שנזכר ולהרא״ש יחזור למקומו ; אם יש לו עוד פת יאכל במקום השני מעט ויברך ; שבעת המינים טעונים ברכה לאחריהם במקומם ; אכל ואינו יודע אם בירך — צריך לברך מספק מפני שהיא מן התורה ; עד אימתי יכול לברך — עד שיתעכל המזון שבמעיו, כל זמן שאינו רעב ; ושיעור אכילה לברך עליה ברכת המזון בכזית.
And it contains six seifim (ו סעיפים): one who ate must say the birkat hamazon where he ate (מברך במקום שאכל), before leaving his place. One who left without blessing (שכח ויצא): if he did so deliberately (mezid) he returns to his place, if he forgot (shogeg) the Rambam has him bless where he remembered and the Rosh has him return. If he has more bread, he eats a little at the new place and blesses there. The seven species require a final blessing at their place. In case of doubt, one blesses — for birkat hamazon is from the Torah. Finally, until when may one bless — until the food digests (עד שיתעכל המזון), the measure being "as long as he is not hungry", and the שיעור אכילה is a kezayit.
The 4 levels of study — Siman קפ״ד, ו סעיפים
01
Availableרמת המתחיל
Level 1 — Beginner & Intermediate
Hebrew text of the ו סעיפים with a fluent English translation. Explanation: מברך במקום שאכל, the case of one who שכח ויצא (במזיד / בשוגג, the dispute of the Rambam and the Rosh), יש לו עוד פת, שבעת המינים, the ספק (מן התורה), עד שיתעכל המזון, and the כזית. Practical daily cases.
02
Availableרמת הלמדן
Lamdan — Advanced Pilpul
In-depth pilpul: saying birkat hamazon where one ate and its source (Berakhot 53) ; one who forgot and left — the dispute of Beit Shammai and Beit Hillel, the Rambam and the Rosh in shogeg and mezid ; if he has bread ; the seven species and the five grains ; safek whether one blessed and birkat hamazon being from the Torah ; the measure of digestion and the kezayit. Beit Yossef, Tur, רמב״ם (הל׳ ברכות), מג״א, ט״ז, Mishna Berura and Beour Halakha, Aroukh haShulchan, Kaf haChaim.
03
Availableחזרה וסיכום
Master Synthesis
Structured summary for review: the thread of the ו סעיפים — מברך במקום שאכל, שכח ויצא, יש לו פת, שבעת המינים, ספק מן התורה, שיעור עיכול, and כזית. Conduct le-maaseh in daily life, with a referral to the Rav and cf. siman 183 and 185.
04
Availableדעת הרב
Daat HaRav (the Alter Rebbe)
The Choulhan Aroukh HaRav of the Admour HaZaken on Orach Chaim siman 184: full text and the force of the psak relative to the Mechaber — מברך במקום שאכל, the law of one who forgot, and the measure of digestion. The yesod and the conduct le-maaseh developed from the Rav's actual text. For in-depth study, a referral to a Chabad Rav.
05
Personalizedלימוד אישי
Study according to my Poskim
Rebuild this siman according to the Rabbanim YOU follow. Choose your Poskim (Rav Ovadia, the Admour HaZaken, the Rebbe, Ben Ish Chai, Mishna Berura, Rav Mordechai Eliyahu…) — Daat AI rebuilds the siman with their opinions, their reasoning, and their disagreements. If your Poskim do not address a point, the AI asks you before expanding.
The main themes of the Siman
מְבָרֵךְ בִּמְקוֹם שֶׁאָכַל
blessing where one ate
מי שאוכל במקום אחד צריך לברך קודם שיעקר ממקומו (seif 1).
שָׁכַח וְיָצָא
one who forgot and left
במזיד יחזור למקומו ויברך ; בשוגג להרמב״ם יברך במקום שנזכר ולהרא״ש יחזור (seif 1).
עַד שֶׁיִּתְעַכֵּל הַמָּזוֹן
until digestion
עד אימתי יכול לברך — עד שיתעכל המזון שבמעיו, כל זמן שאינו רעב (seif 5).
שִׁיעוּר אֲכִילָה בִּכְזַיִת
the measure: a kezayit
שיעור אכילה לברך עליה ברכת המזון בכזית (seif 6) ; and in doubt one blesses, מן התורה (seif 4).
Structure of the Siman — the ו סעיפים
| Seif | Case | Din | Detail |
|---|---|---|---|
| א׳ | bless where one ate · left | ✦ at his place | One must bless before leaving his place ; left mezid — returns, shogeg — per the Rambam blesses where he remembered, per the Rosh returns (Berakhot 53). |
| ב׳ | he has more bread | eats and blesses | If he has more bread — he eats a little at the second place and blesses, provided he is not hungry. |
| ג׳ | seven species | blessing at their place | Some say all seven species require a blessing after them at their place ; some say only the five grains. |
| ד׳ | doubt whether he blessed | ✦ from the Torah | He ate and does not know whether he blessed — he blesses out of doubt, since it is from the Torah. |
| ה׳ | until when may he bless | until digestion | Until the food digests in his innards ; its measure is as long as he is not hungry from that eating. |
| ו׳ | measure of eating | kezayit | The measure of eating over which one says birkat hamazon is a kezayit. |
לקבוע ברכת המזון במקום סעודה — the conduct in practice
| Case | Source | Conduct | Central idea |
|---|---|---|---|
| at his place | Mechaber · seif 1 | ✦ before leaving | One says birkat hamazon where he ate, before leaving his place. |
| left | Mechaber · seif 1 | mezid / shogeg | Left deliberately: he returns. Forgot: the Rambam blesses on the spot, the Rosh has him return. |
| doubt | Mechaber · seif 4 | from the Torah | In doubt one blesses — birkat hamazon is an obligation from the Torah. |
| until when | Mechaber · seif 5 | until digestion | Until the food digests — as long as he is not hungry from that meal. |
| kezayit | Mechaber · seif 6 | measure of eating | One blesses only over an eating of at least a kezayit. |
Frequently asked questions — Siman קפ״ד
Must one say birkat hamazon at the place where one ate according to Siman 184?
Yes. According to the Choulhan Aroukh, Orach Chaim 184:1, « מי שאוכל במקום אחד צריך לברך » « קודם שיעקר ממקומו » — one who ate in a place must bless before leaving his place ; and if he left without blessing and did so deliberately (mezid), « אם היה במזיד יחזור למקומו ויברך » — he returns to his place and blesses. The source is the mishna (Berakhot 53b).
One who forgot and did not say birkat hamazon, what does he do according to Siman 184?
According to the Choulhan Aroukh, Orach Chaim 184:1, if he left deliberately (mezid) he returns to bless at his place ; and if he forgot (shogeg), for the Rambam « יברך במקום שנזכר » — he blesses where he remembered, whereas for Rabbenu Yona and the Rosh « גם הוא יחזור למקומו ויברך » — he too returns to his place and blesses.
Until when may one say birkat hamazon according to Siman 184?
According to the Choulhan Aroukh, Orach Chaim 184:5, « עד אימתי יכול לברך עד שיתעכל המזון שבמעיו » — until the food digests in his innards ; and its measure: « וכמה שיעורו כל זמן שאינו רעב מחמת אותה אכילה ». Birkat hamazon is said over an eating of at least a kezayit — « בכזית » (184:6).