The Siman — Choulhan Aroukh, Orach Chaim siman קע״ד (ח סעיפים)
יין שבתוך הסעודה מברך עליו בורא פרי הגפן ואין הפת פוטרו ; יין פוטר כל מיני משקין ; אם אין לו אלא כוס אחד מניחו עד לאחר המזון ומברך עליו ; יין של קידוש ויין של הבדלה פוטרים יין שבתוך המזון ; כל מה ששותה בתוך הסעודה די לו בברכה אחת אלא אם כן נמלך ; אין לברך אחר יין שבסעודה דברכת המזון פוטרתו ; מים ושאר משקין בסעודה אינם טעונים ברכה ויש אומרים לברך עליהם ; על יין שבתוך המזון כל אחד ואחד מברך לעצמו.
And it contains eight seifim (ח סעיפים): on the wine drunk during the meal one recites בורא פרי הגפן, for the bread does not exempt it (אין הפת פוטרו) ; that wine exempts all beverages (יין פוטר כל מיני משקין) ; if one has only one cup, he keeps it for after the meal ; the wine of kiddush and of havdala exempt the wine of the meal ; all one's drinking in the meal suffices with one blessing, unless one changes his mind (נמלך) ; one recites no blessing after the wine of the meal, for the Birkat haMazon exempts it ; water and other beverages need no blessing (and יש אומרים to bless) ; and on the wine of the meal, each one blesses for himself.
The 4 levels of study — Siman קע״ד, ח סעיפים
01
Available
רמת המתחיל
Level 1 — Beginner & Intermediate
Hebrew text of the ח סעיפים with a fluent English translation. Pedagogical explanation: בורא פרי הגפן on the wine of the meal and why the bread does not exempt it, יין פוטר כל מיני משקין, the wine of קידוש והבדלה, the ברכה אחת and נמלך, מים ושאר משקין in the meal, and כל אחד מברך לעצמו. Practical cases: which blessing on the wine, water at the table, a kiddush wine.
02
Available
רמת הלמדן
Lamdan — Advanced Pilpul
In-depth pilpul: why wine fixes its own blessing and the bread does not exempt it ; the definition of יין פוטר כל מיני משקין ; the din of one cup ; the wine of kiddush and havdala and the dispute over washing before havdala ; the law of נמלך and one blessing ; the after-blessing and Birkat haMazon ; מים ושאר משקין in the meal ; the concern שמא יקדים קנה לוושט and the din of סברי רבותי. Beit Yossef, Tur, רמב״ם (הל׳ ברכות), מג״א, ט״ז, Mishna Berura and Beour Halakha, Aroukh haShulchan, Kaf haChaim.
03
Available
חזרה וסיכום
Master Synthesis
Structured summary for review and memorization: the thread of the ח סעיפים — בורא פרי הגפן, יין פוטר משקין, קידוש והבדלה, נמלך and מים ושאר משקין. Conduct le-maaseh in daily life, with a referral to the Rav and cf. siman 173 and 175.
04
Available
דעת הרב
Daat HaRav (the Alter Rebbe)
The Choulhan Aroukh HaRav of the Admour HaZaken on Orach Chaim siman 174: full text and the force of the psak relative to the Mechaber — ברכת היין בסעודה, יין של קידוש והבדלה and מים ושאר משקין. The yesod and the conduct le-maaseh developed from the Rav's actual text. For in-depth study, a referral to a Chabad Rav.
05
Personalized
לימוד אישי
Study according to my Poskim
Rebuild this siman according to the Rabbanim YOU follow. Choose your Poskim (Rav Ovadia, the Admour HaZaken, the Rebbe, Ben Ish Chai, Mishna Berura, Rav Mordechai Eliyahu…) — Daat AI rebuilds the siman with their opinions, their reasoning, and their disagreements. If your Poskim do not address a point, the AI asks you before expanding.
The main themes of the Siman
בּוֹרֵא פְּרִי הַגֶּפֶן בַּסְּעוּדָה
wine has its own blessing
יין שבתוך הסעודה מברך עליו בורא פרי הגפן ואין הפת פוטרו (seif 1).
יַיִן פּוֹטֵר כָּל מִינֵי מַשְׁקִין
wine exempts all beverages
יין פוטר כל מיני משקין ; הגה אפילו מברכה ראשונה (seif 2).
יֵין קִידּוּשׁ וְהַבְדָּלָה
the wine of kiddush and havdala
יין של קידוש פוטר יין שבתוך המזון וכן המבדיל על השלחן פוטר היין שבתוך המזון (seif 4).
מַיִם וּשְׁאָר מַשְׁקִין
water and other beverages
אם אין לו יין ושותה מים או שאר משקה אין לברך עליהם … והמנהג כסברא הראשונה (seif 7).
Structure of the Siman — the ח סעיפים
| Seif | Case | Din | Detail |
|---|---|---|---|
| א׳ | wine during the meal | ✦ borei peri hagefen | Wine drunk during the meal — one recites borei peri hagefen, and the bread does not exempt it, for wine is important and fixes its own blessing. |
| ב׳ | wine exempts beverages | all kinds of beverages | Wine exempts all kinds of beverages ; and the Rama — even from the first blessing (הר״י and ב״י in the name of the Poskim). |
| ג׳ | only one cup | keep it for after the meal | If one has only one cup — he keeps it until after the meal and blesses on it, so as not to lose the after-meal wine blessing. |
| ד׳ | kiddush and havdala | ✦ exempt the meal's wine | Wine fixed before the meal, or kiddush and havdala wine — exempts the wine of the meal ; and some say havdala exempts only if he washed his hands first. |
| ה׳ | one blessing and nimlach | one blessing suffices | All one drinks during the meal suffices with one blessing, unless he intended only that cup and changed his mind ; and cups handed to him — he blesses on each. |
| ו׳ | the after-blessing | Birkat haMazon exempts it | One does not bless after the wine of the meal, for the Birkat haMazon exempts it, and it also exempts the pre-meal wine even if he had no wine during the meal. |
| ז׳ | water and other beverages | ✦ need no blessing | Water or another beverage in the meal — one does not bless, for they come on account of the meal ; and some bless, but the custom follows the first view. |
| ח׳ | each one blesses for himself | lest the windpipe precede | On wine during the meal each one blesses for himself, lest one speak while eating ; and some say that if he said סברי רבותי, one blesses for all. |
דין ברכת היין בסעודה — the conduct in practice
| Case | Source | Conduct | Central idea |
|---|---|---|---|
| יין שבתוך הסעודה | Mechaber · seif 1 | ✦ borei peri hagefen | Wine drunk during the meal keeps its own blessing — the bread does not exempt it. |
| יין ושאר משקין | Mechaber · seif 2 | wine exempts beverages | Wine, once blessed, exempts all the other beverages of the meal. |
| קידוש והבדלה | Mechaber · seif 4 | exempt the meal's wine | The wine of kiddush and havdala at the table covers the wine of the meal. |
| מים ושאר משקין | Mechaber · seif 7 | need no blessing | Without wine, water comes "on account of the meal": no blessing (the accepted custom). |
| ברכה אחת ולעצמו | Mechaber · seifim 5-8 | nimlach / lest the windpipe | One blessing unless נמלך ; and each blesses for himself, lest one speak while eating. |
Frequently asked questions — Siman קע״ד
Which blessing does one recite on wine drunk during the meal according to Siman 174?
According to the Choulhan Aroukh, Orach Chaim 174:1, יין שבתוך הסעודה מברך עליו בורא פרי הגפן ואין הפת פוטרו — on wine drunk during the meal one recites "בורא פרי הגפן", and the bread does not exempt it, because wine is important and fixes its own blessing. And according to 174:2, יין פוטר כל מיני משקין — that same wine exempts all the other beverages.
Does the wine of kiddush or havdala exempt the wine of the meal according to Siman 174?
According to the Choulhan Aroukh, Orach Chaim 174:4, וכן יין של קידוש פוטר יין שבתוך המזון וכן המבדיל על השלחן פוטר היין שבתוך המזון — the wine of kiddush, like that of havdala recited at the table, exempts the wine drunk during the meal. But there is an opinion (ויש אומרים) that the wine of havdala exempts only if one washed his hands before the havdala.
Must one bless on water drunk during the meal according to Siman 174?
According to the Choulhan Aroukh, Orach Chaim 174:7, אם אין לו יין ושותה מים או שאר משקה אין לברך עליהם — if one has no wine and drinks water or another beverage, one does not recite a blessing on them, since they come "on account of the meal" and the bread exempts them. There is however an opinion (ויש אומרים) that blesses on the water of the meal ; and the Rama concludes: והמנהג כסברא הראשונה — the custom follows the first opinion (not to bless).